Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Action

Trapezius

Levator Scapulae

“Transverse process of C1-C4” (p. 94)

“Above base of scapular spine on medial border” (p.94)

“Elevates medial margin of scapulae” (p.94)

Rhomboid

“Spinous process of c7 and T1-T5” (p. 94)

“Medial boarder of scapula below spine” (p.94)

Retraction, downward rotation, and elevation

Serratus Anterior

“Surface of upper 9 ribs and side of chest” (p. 94)

“Anterior aspect along entire length of medial boarder of scapula” (p.94)

Protraction and upward rotation

Pectoralis Minor

“Anterior surfaces 3 rd to 5 th ribs” (p. 94)

“Coracoid process of scapula” (p.94)

Protraction. downward rotation, and depression

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Action

Deltoid

Coraco-Brachialis

“Coracoid process of scapula” (P. 94)

“Medial border of middle humeral shaft” (P. 94)

“Flexion, adduction, and horizontal adduction of glenohumeral joint” (P. 94)

Supraspinatus

“Medial 2/3 of supraspinatus fossa” (p. 95)

“Superiorly on greater tubercle of humerus” (p. 95)

“Weak abduction and stabilization of humeral head in glenoid fossa” (p. 95)

Infraspinatus

“Medial aspect of infraspinatus fossa just below spine of scapula” (p. 95)

“Posteriorly on greater tubercle of humerus” (p. 95)

“External rotation, horizontal abduction, and extension of the glenohumeral joint; stabilization of humeral head in glenoid fossa” (p. 95)

Teres Minor

“Posteriorly on middle, upper aspect of lateral border of scapula” (p. 95)

“Posteriorly on greater tubercle of humerus” (p. 95)

“External rotation, horizontal abduction, and extension of the glenohumeral joint; stabilization of humeral head in glenoid fossa” (p. 95)

Subscapularis

“Entire anterior surface of subscapular fossa” (p. 95)

“Lesser tubercle of humerus” (p. 95)

“Internal rotation, adduction, and extension of glenohumeral joint; stabilizes humeral head in glenoid fossa” (p. 95)

Teres Major

“Posteriorly on inferior 3 rd of lateral border of scapula and slightly superior to inferior angle” (p. 95)

“Medial side of intertubercular groove of humerus” (p. 95)

“Extension, internal rotation and adduction of glenohumeral joint” (p. 95)

Latissimus Dorsi

“Posterior crest of illium, back of sacrum and spinious process of lumbar and lower T6-T12; slips from lower 3 ribs” (p. 95)

“Medial slide of intertubercular groove of humerus” (p. 95)

“Addition, extension and internal rotation of glenohumeral joint; horizontal abduction of glenohumeral joint” (p. 95)

Pectoralis Major

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Action

Biceps Brachii

“Tuberosity of radius and bicipital aponeurosis” (p. 96)

Flexion of elbow, supination of forearm, and weak flexion of shoulder joint

Brachialis

“Distal half of anterior portion of humerus” (p. 96)

“Coronoid process of the ulna” (p. 96)

“Flexion of elbow” (p. 96)

Brachioradialis

“Distal 2/3 of lateral condyloid ridge of humerus” (p. 96)

“Lateral surface, distal end of the radius at styloid process” (p. 96)

Flexion of elbow; pronation and supination

Triceps Brachii

“Olecranon process of ulna” (p. 96)

Anconeus

“Posterior surface of lateral condyle of the humerus” (p. 96)

“Posterior surface of the Olecranon process of the ulna” (p. 96)

“Extension of the elbow” (p. 96)

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Action

Rectus Femoris

“Anterior iliac spine of the ilium and groove (posterior) above the acetabulum” (p. 97)

“Superior aspect of patella and patellar tendon to tibial tuberosity” (p. 97)

“Flexion of hip.   Extension of knee” (p. 97)

Gluteus Maximus

“Posterior ¼ of the crest of ilium, posterior surface of scrum and coccyx near the ilium, and fascia of lumbar area” (p. 97)

“Oblique ridge on lateral surface of greater trochanter and iliotibial band of fasciae” (p. 97)

“Extension of hip, external rotation of hip, lower fibers which assist in adduction” (p. 97)

Semitendinosus

“Ischial tuberosity” (p. 97)

“Upper anterior medial surface of tibia” (p. 97)

“Extension of hip, flexion of knee, internal rotation of hip and knee” (p. 97)

Semi-Membranosus

“Ischial tuberosity” (p. 97)

“Posteromedial surface of medial tibial condyle” (p. 97)

“Extension of hip, flexion of knee, internal rotation of hip and knee” (p. 97)

Biceps Femoris

“Lateral condyle of tibia and head of fibula” (p. 97)

“Extension of hip, flexion of knee, internal rotation of hip and knee” (p. 97)

The short head only bends the knee (Delavier, 2006, p. 104)

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Action

Vastus Lateralis

“Interochanteric line, anterior and inferior borders of greater trochanter gluteal tuberosity, upper half of the linea aspera and entire lateral intermuscular septum” (p. 98)

“Lateral border of patella and patellar tendon to tibial tuberosity” (p. 98)

“Knee extension” (p. 98)

Vastus Intermedius

“Upper 2/3 of anterior surface of the femur” (p. 98)

“Upper border of patella and patellar tendon to tibial tuberosity” (p. 98)

“Knee extension” (p. 98)

Vastus Medialis

“Entire length of linea aspera and the medial condyloid ridge” (p. 98)

“Medial half of upper border of patella and patellar tendon to tibial tuberosity” (p. 98)

“Knee extension” (p. 98)

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Action

Gastrocnemius

“posterior surface of the calcaneous (Achilles tendon” (p. 98)

Plantar flexion, knee flexion

Soleus

“Posterior surface of the proximal fibula and proximal fibula and proximal 2/3 of the posterior tibial surface” (p. 98)

“Posterior surface of the calcaneous (Achilles tendon)” (p. 98)

Plantar flexion

Tibialis Anterior

“Upper 2/3 of the lateral surface of tibia” (p. 98)

“Inner surface of medial cuneiform and the first metatarsal bone” (p. 98)

“Dorsal flexion of ankle, inversion of foot” (p. 98)

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Action

Rectus Abdominus

“Superior surface of pubis around syphysis” (p. 99)

Ribs 5-7 and xiphoid process

“Depresses ribs, flexes vertebral column” (p. 99)

Transversus Abdominus

“Cartilages of the lower ribs, iliac crest, and lumbodorsal fascia” (p. 99)

“Linea alba and pubis” (p. 99)

“Compresses abdomen” (p. 99)

External Oblique

“External and inferior borders of ribs 5-12” (p. 99)

“Linea alba and iliac crest” (p. 99)

“Compresses abdomen; depresses ribs; flexes, bends to side, or rotates spine” (p. 99)

Internal Oblique

“Lumbodorsal fascia and iliac crest” (p. 99)

“Inferior surfaces of ribs, 9-12, costal cartilages 8-10, linea alba, and pubis” (p. 99)

“Compresses abdomen; depresses ribs; flexes, bends to side, or rotates spine” (p. 99)